| SENTENCE PATTERN | EXAMPLE | GRAMMATICAL POINTS | EXAMPLE |
| Stage 21 | |||
|
prepositional phrase + participle V + ACC + NOM DAT + V + (NOM) increasing eomplexity of elements |
faber,ab architecto laudatus, nonne aegrotis remedia
praebere |
increased incidence of perfect partitive genitive neuter plural increased incidence of debeo, |
faber, ab
architecto laudatus, laetissimus erat. saepe ad aulam Cogidubni ibat, a rege invitatus. rex aliquid novi audire semper volebat. Quintus ei multa de vita sua narrabat. ad fontem sacram ire debeo? |
| Stage 22 | |||
|
accusative/prepositional phrase
+
increasingly varied position of dative |
fur, senem conspicatus,
post tibi periculosum est Bulbum tum fibulam, quam puella
alia tibi |
perfect participle active/deponent velim/ ausim |
fur, thermas
ingressus, ad fontem sacram festinavit. quam celerrime egressus, Guttam petit, cui consillum callidum proponit. Latro, qui tabernam tenebat, erat vir magnae diligentiae sed minimae prudentiae. velim cum eo colloquium habere. |
| SENTENCE PATTERN | EXAMPLE | GRAMMATICAL POINTS | EXAMPLE |
| Stage 23 | |||
| V + NOM + ACC | scripsit Cephalus epistulam. |
increased incidence of neuter
plural |
iubeo re omina
inspicere. Cephalus poculum haurire noluit, etad genua regis procubuit. servus enim multa tormenta passus,in eadem sententia mansit. |
| Stage 24 | |||
|
ADJ + PREPOSITION + N extended prepositional phrase + participle |
Belimicus,
multis cum militibus egressus, per oppidum diligenter quaerebat. Dumnorix, tamen, e manibus militum elapsus, per vias oppidi noctu, processit. |
cum-clauses 3rd person singular and plural pluperfect subjunctive 3rd person singular and plural imperfect subjunctive (including sum, possum, volo) neuter gerundive of obligation |
cum ad pontem venissent,
equus cum Salvius rem secum cogitaret, |
| SENTENCE PATTERN | EXAMPLE | GRAMMATICAL POINTS | EXAMPLE |
| Stage 25 | |||
| variation of
word order in sentences containing infinitive |
iuvenis dicere nolebat
quid vos ambos carcerem custodire |
indirect question 1st and 2nd persons singular
and 3rd person singular and plural |
miles iuvenem iterum rogavit
quis Strythionem, iam ad castra |
| Stage 26 | |||
|
postponement of subordinating
|
haec cucm audivisset,
Agricola tamen his verbis
|
purpose clause increased incidence of neuter impersonal verbs
expression of time num + indirect question
id quod, ea quae dative + participle use of the present tense to
indicate |
Agricola ad tribunal processit
ut numquam nos oportet barbaris |
| SENTENCE PATTERN | EXAMPLE | GRAMMATICAL POINTS | EXAMPLE |
| Stage 27 | |||
| DAT + NOM + ACC + V | hominibus
miserrimis cibus solacium semper affert. |
indirect command increased incidence of impersonal |
centurio militibus imperabat
ut tum e manibus Britannorum
elapsus |
| Stage 28 | |||
| more complex
cui-clauses and quibus-clauses more complex examples of "branching" |
servus, cui
Salvius hoc imperavit, statim exiit. tam laetus erat ille, ubi verba Salvii audivit, ut garum consumeret, ignarus periculi mortis. |
ablative
connecting relative increased incidence of expressions of time |
agricola, gladio centurionis qui tamen, Belimico diffisi,
rem |
| Stage 29 | |||
| ABL + V | interea dux
hostium, Lucius Flavius Silva, rupem castellis multis circumvenit. |
3rd person singular and plural,
purpose clause with quiand
|
in media Roma est mons
notissimus, inter eos Salvius, togam
splendidam |
| increased complexity
of subordinate clauses: "nesting" and combination of "nesting" and "stringing" |
tantum ardorem
in eis excitavit ut, simulac finem orationi fecit, ad exitium statim festinarent. spectatorum tanta erat multitudo ut ei qui tardius advenerunt nullum locum prope arcum invenire possent. ille igitur fabris, quamquam omnino defessi erant, identidem imperavit ne labore desisterent. |
purpose clause and indirect
ablative + verb
|
de morte patris vestri
prius narrare ea mocte ipse fabros furens |
|
dum + present indicative |
subito, dum
Romani oculos in sacrificium intente defigunt, Simon occasionem nactus prosiluit. circiter mille superstites, duce Eleazaro, rupem Masadam occupaverunt. |
| Stage 30 | |||
| continued use
of complex sentence structure |
volo ad summos
honores pervenire, sicut illi Haterii qui abhinc multos annos consules facti sunt. tum fabris imperavit ut funes qui ad tignum adligati erant, summis viribus traherent. |
increased incidence of perfect
and further ablative usages |
ego a Salvio, qui mihi
favere |
| Stage 31 | |||
| increased variety
in word order in sentences using passive voice |
a crepidariis calcie reficiebantur. |
ablative absolute
ablative of description |
sole occidente, saccarii
a taberna quae tamen, clamoribus
fabrorum |
| Stage 32 | |||
| increased incidence
of postponement of subordinating conjunction |
ad flumen
cum advenisset, Euphorsynen in navem conscensuram conspexit. |
deponent verbs double indirect question with
increased incidence of ablative
|
hoc consilio
capto, ad flumen Tiberim ut navem conscenderet profecta est. illa nobis diligenter audienda est. omnes convivae in animo volvebant quale spectaculum Haterius editurus esset. ubi praeco ingressus est, Haterius rogavit utrum philosopham abegisset necne. me enim auctore, philosopha quaedam huc invitata est. |
| Stage 33 | |||
| continued use
of complex sentence structure |
Domitia contra, quae quamquam perterrita erat in lecto manebat vultu composito, Olympo imperavit ut aliquos versus recitaret. |
future and future perfect
active
increased examples of ablative
|
ludi!ludi! Imperator ipse
victori si te apud me ille invenerit
poenas |
| Stage 34 | |||
| increasing complexity
in compound sentences |
tribunus alios iussit aquam ferre ut flammas exstinguerent, alios gladiis destrictis omnes domus partes perscrutari ut Paridem invenirent. |
present passive infinitive
|
tum Chione e cubiculo dominae
insidiae parabuntur: ambo
in silentio noctis diu
exspectabat |